Solar panels work by converting sunlight into electricity through a process called the photovoltaic effect. Within each solar panel are cells made of semiconductor materials, typically silicon. When sunlight hits the panels, photons from the sunlight knock electrons loose from their atoms.

Solar panels have a lifespan of 25 to 30 years or more. Most manufacturers provide performance warranties that guarantee the panels will still produce a certain percentage of their original power output after a specified number of years (e.g., 80% after 25 years). With proper maintenance and care, solar panels can continue to generate electricity beyond their warranty period until they’re no longer able to meet your energy needs.

It depends on the type of solar panel system you have. Most standard grid-tied solar panel systems do not work during a power outage for safety reasons. This is because they automatically shut off when the grid goes down to prevent sending electricity back into the grid and potentially endangering utility workers. However, with the addition of energy storage systems like batteries, you can have backup power during outages, as the stored energy can be used to power your home.

Solar panels are designed to harness sunlight and convert the light energy into electrical power. Although they perform best in sunny, warm climates, solar panels can still generate electricity on cloudy and cold days. Solar panels rely on sunlight, not heat, to produce electricity. While they perform best under direct sunlight, they can still generate power on cloudy days. Additionally, cold temperatures can actually enhance the performance of solar panels by reducing resistance in electrical circuits.